Ultrasound-guided salivary gland biopsy

What is Ultrasound-guided Salivary Gland Biopsy

Ultrasound-guided salivary gland biopsy is a medical procedure in which a sample of tissue is taken from the salivary gland using a thin needle, under ultrasound guidance. This test helps to assess the presence of potential changes such as tumors, inflammations, or other abnormalities in the salivary gland.

Who is it for

Salivary gland biopsy is recommended for patients in whom the doctor suspects changes in the salivary glands, such as lumps, cysts, or inflammatory conditions. It may also be indicated in the case of pain, swelling, or difficulty swallowing, which may suggest issues with the salivary glands.

How to prepare for the test

The following are required for the biopsy:

• Prior ultrasound examination of the area
• and a referral for the biopsy in paper form. 

No special preparations are required for the biopsy. However, it is important to consult with your doctor if you are taking blood-thinning medications, as they may need to be temporarily stopped before the procedure.

What are the contraindications for the biopsy

The main contraindications include:

• blood clotting disorders (including hemorrhagic diathesis),
• active infections at the planned puncture site,
• purulent changes in the procedure area
• use of blood-thinning medications, which may require discontinuation prior to the procedure.
• In some cases, severe systemic diseases or difficult localization of the lesion may also be contraindications. 

How the test is performed

The salivary gland biopsy is performed under local anesthesia. The doctor inserts a thin needle through the skin into the salivary gland, under ultrasound guidance, to collect a tissue sample. The procedure typically lasts from a few to several minutes and is relatively minimally invasive, though it may cause slight discomfort.

How long to wait for results and how to interpret them

Results of the salivary gland biopsy are usually available within 14 working days. The doctor will evaluate the sample for the presence of abnormal cells, such as cancer cells or inflammatory changes. The result may indicate no changes, the presence of benign changes, or the presence of cancer, which will require further tests.

Additional information

Ultrasound-guided salivary gland biopsy is a safe procedure, but, like any medical intervention, it carries some risks. Possible complications include infections, bleeding, or pain at the site of the puncture. If any concerning symptoms arise, the patient should immediately contact their doctor.